INSTRUMENTATION CODE

Every effort has been made to ensure that the instrumentations shown in this catalog are accurate. The standard format has been used, in which the first four figures refer to woodwinds and the second four refer to brass. Other instruments are listed separately. For example: 2,2,2,2 - 4,2,3,1 timp, perc, hp, str indicates 2 each of flutes, oboes, clarinets and bassoons, four horns, two trumpets, three trombones, one tuba, timpani, percussion, one harp and strings.

Principal auxiliary instruments (piccolo, English horn, bass clarinet, contrabassoon Wagner tuba, cornet and euphonium) are linked to their respective instruments with either a 'd' if the same player doubles the auxiliary instrument, or a '+' if an extra player is required. Instruments shown in parentheses have been designated by the composer or arranger as optional, and may be omitted. Thus:

3d1+1, 2+1, 3d1(+Eb), 3+1 - 8d4, 4+2, 4, 2(d1), 2timp, perc, 2hp, str

indicates 3 flutes, one of which doubles piccolo, plus a fourth player playing piccolo only; 2 oboes plus a third player for English horn; 3 clarinets, one doubling bass clarinet, plus a fourth (optional) player for E-flat clarinet; 3 bassoons plus a contrabassoon; 8 horns, 4 doubling Wagner tubas; 4 trumpets, 2 doubling cornet; 4 trombones; 2 tubas, one doubling euphonium (optionally); 2 timpanists; percussion; 2 harps and strings.